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The bathsThe thermal SPA
The thermal SPA

The springs of the hills of Corsena are all sulphate-bicarbonate-calcium and have temperatures between 54.1°C/130°F and 36.5°C/98°F. The springs that have hot water are:

  • Spring Doccione al Bagno Caldo T.54.1°C/130°F, used to drink, bathe, irrigation;
  • Spring Maritata alle Docce Basse T.42.5°C/107°F;
  • Spring Ospedale Demidoff T.46°C/115°F, used to drink,bathe,irrigation, showers;
  • Spring Bagno alla Villa T.39°C/104°F, used to drink, bathe;
  • Spring Bernabò T.40°C/1O5°F, used for bathing;
  • Spring San Giovanni T.38°C/100°F, used to drink,bathe,irrigation,showers;
  • Spring alla Cova T 37.1°C/98.5°F, used to drink;

The spa uses 25 springs. Giampiero Venturelli in the inside of the booklet “II Bagno Bernabò: a help for the growth of the spa” describes perfectly the nature of the thermal waters of Bagni di Lucca, used for therapeutic cures since the ancient times, attracting the attention of chemists,geochemical and geologists specially in the last century.The waters are made up of calium - sulphate and orginate from seep-age underground. In base of thermodynamic calculations the waters filter underground to a depth of 2-3km reaching a temperture of 70/75°c - 159/165°F. The waters surface rapidly between fractured stones at a temperture of 54°C/130°F(Spring of Bagni di Caldi).The chemical characteristics of the water indicts that the process underground are very complex, involve many minerals made up from the rocky surface. The waters flowing in depth are a balance between sulphate of calcium, carbonate philosilicate and silica these
minerals have appeared in rocks that have been found in the Val di Lima. The dissolution of rock salt in the saturated conditions with carbon dioxide, lime, kaolin and dolomite explains why there is a high level of sodium/chloride and a low level of calium/sulphate which characterize the waters of Bagni di Lucca. Relevant studies from the isotope shows that sulphur of sulphate is present in the waters and that it comes from sulphate minerals present in the rocks. During the rising to the surface the waters mixes with colder waters. Maria Adriana Giusti’s critical essay on how to develop the thermal village of Bagni di Lucca,describes the architectural structure which the town had until the end of the 500’s, some characteristics of the roman baths with a functional centrale symmetry system (controlling the air and heating), which we can find today in the octagonal room in Bagno San Giovanni and Bagno alla Villa. Even the dome covering with the opening at the top comes fromthe roman period. In the Napoleonic era the expansion was characterized by a new distrubution of the space, the central theme was building open halls with large arcades. This helped to distribute the baths and service rooms in line or atound the hall.Giusti writes: the introduction of individual tubs showed a good functioning spa.In a new essay “The thermal town with a european culture of gardening and landscapes” Maria Adriana Giusti describes the metamorphosis of the center of Bagni di Lucca, launched by the doctors who sent patients for theraphies and long stays.The aristocratic and cosmopolitan society where protagonists of a grand thermal tour, the comedy in tre acts, Bagni di Lucca written by Marquis Alfonso Ugolini di Macerata recites:“I who have much travelled and have been to Baden, the Vigier, Parigi, Porretta e Abanò spas and other thousand places,i can assure you that i have never found such a beautiful place like this.” Another piece from the thoughts of Vieusseaux who wanted to open at Bagni di Lucca a scientific/literary study like the one in Florence, in 1820 he writes: “The delightful stay in the summer time with that wonderful sky, the healthy thermal waters, best in all of Italy and of great quality, beautiful palaces and houses which i love, the vagueness of the roads, the pleasantness of its mountains, the purness of the air vital as we breath it, everything combined together helps the human body and it’s need to live.”

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